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I / We hereby represent and warrant that the submitted manuscript is original, free from plagiarism, has not been published elsewhere, and is not under consideration for publication in any other journal. I / We further confirm that I / We are the rightful author(s) of the manuscript, except for material that has been properly cited and acknowledged, with permission obtained from the copyright holder(s) where required.

I / We acknowledge that VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research in the fields of law, justice, legal studies, public policy, human rights, criminology, and allied disciplines, and is registered with an ISSN for online publication.

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I / We confirm that I / We are satisfied with the authenticity, integrity, and editorial standards of VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice. In the event that my / our institution, employer, supervisor, or any other authority declines to recognize or accept this publication, I / We shall not seek any refund or initiate legal proceedings against VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice on that basis.

I / We confirm that I / We have read, understood, and agreed to abide by the Journal's Terms and Conditions, Publication Ethics, Privacy Policy, Open Access Policy, Copyright Policy, Withdrawal Policy, Plagiarism Policy, and all other applicable editorial policies.

I / We accept that if any claim of copyright infringement, plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, or other academic misconduct is established against my / our published article, VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice shall have the full authority to retract or remove the article from its website, indexing platforms, and archives without prior notice. I / We shall not seek any refund or pursue legal action against the journal in such circumstances.

I / We acknowledge that I / We alone are responsible for the content, accuracy, legality, originality, interpretations, and consequences arising from the publication of this manuscript and shall not hold VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice, its editors, reviewers, publisher, or editorial board liable for any disputes arising therefrom.

VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice, its Editorial Board, Editors, Reviewers, and Publisher shall not be responsible for the views, opinions, interpretations, or conclusions expressed in the published articles. Such opinions are solely those of the respective author(s).

All manuscripts submitted to VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to evaluate originality, scholarly merit, ethical compliance, legal accuracy, and overall quality.

The decision of the Editorial Board, based on the recommendations of the peer reviewers, shall be final. Authors bear sole responsibility for ensuring the originality, authenticity, and integrity of their work. VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and academic excellence.

Unless otherwise specified under the journal's licensing policy, authors retain the copyright to their work while granting VIDWAN Journal of Law and Justice the right to publish, distribute, archive, and make the work openly accessible. Reproduction or reuse of published material, in whole or in part, is permitted only with proper acknowledgment of the original source and in accordance with the applicable license and accepted academic and ethical standards.